Ispitivana je učinkovitost membranskog pročišćavanja otpadnih voda u proizvodnji veterinarskih preparata s primarnim ciljem uklanjanja antibiotika kao nove vrste zagađivala. U tu je svrhu odabrano deset komercijalnih kompozitnih reverzno osmotskih i nanofiltracijskih membrana. Membranama su određene porozne karakteristike, veličina i veličinska raspodjela pora te ovisnost protoka o tlaku. Propuštanjem modelnih otopina smjese antibiotika kroz RO/NF laboratorijski uređaj istraživana je separacija antibiotika namembranama karakterizirane porozne strukture. Rezultati su pokazali da većina ispitanih membrana u potpunosti zadržava antibiotike iz modelnih voda. Tri od deset vrsta membrana odabrane su za daljnje ispitivanje uklanjanja antibiotika i drugih prisutnih tvari iz dva egalizacijska bazena otpadnih voda Veterine d.d. Kromatografski je utvrđena prisutnost po jednog antibiotika u svakom egalizacijskom bazenu. Analiza permeata za dvije membrane (XLE i NF90) pokazala je maksimalnu separaciju prisutnog antibiotika u otpadnim vodama, dok su nešto slabiji, ali još uvijek zadovoljavajući rezultati postignuti s HL membranom. Iz prikazanih kromatograma ulaznih struja uočava se prisutnost čitavog niza nepoznatih tvari u egalizacijskim bazenima, a iz kromatograma izlaznih struja (permeata) vidi se uspješnost njihovog uklanjanja na pojedinačnim membranama..; The efficiency of membrane wastewater treatment in the production of veterinary preparations whose primary goal is to remove antibiotics as the new kind of polluters was tested. To this end, ten commercial composite reverse osmotic and nanofiltration membranes were selected. The membranes' porous characteristics, size and size distribution of pores as well as flow’s pressure-dependence were determined. By letting model solutions of antibiotic mixture through the RO/NF laboratory instrument, antibiotics separation was examined on the membranes of the characterized porous structure. The results showed that most tested membranes fully stop antibiotics from model waters. Three out of ten types of membranes were selected for further testing of the removal of antibiotics and other present substances from two wastewater equalization basins of Veterina d.d. Chromatographically, a presence of one antibiotic was determined in each equalization basin. The analysis of permeates for two membranes (XLE and NF90) showed maximum separation of the present antibiotic in wastewater, whereas slightly poorer but still satisfactory results were achieved with the HL membrane. From the presented chromatographs of inflows, a presence of a whole series of unknown substances in equalization basins was observed, while from the chromatographs of outflows (permeates) the success in their removal on individual membranes can be seen.
