Inertizacija zagađenih sedimenata različitim kemijskim metodama / Višnja Oreščanin1.
Sažetak

Svrha rada je utvrditi optimalnu metodu obrade zagađenih morskih sedimenata u svrhu smanjenja biodostupnosti teških metala te posljedično, smanjenja njihovog utjecaja na okoliš. U provedenim eksperimentima korišten je glinovito siltozni sediment iz uvale Punat uzorkovan 2008. godine kod kojeg je koncentracija bakra iznosila 1,42 %, a cinka 1,09 %, dok su koncentracije ovih elemenata u eluatu bile oko 10 puta veće u odnosu na granične propisane za inertni otpad. U radu su ispitane četiri moguće metode kemijske obrade i to:(1) taloženje metala u obliku teško topljivih hidroksida primjenom kalcijevog oksida, (2) adsorpcija metala na praškasti aktivni ugljen, (3) taloženje pomoću fosforne kiseline i (4) sutaloženje teških metala sa smjesom oksida željeza i aluminija. Utvrđen je optimalni udio pojedinog reagensa, a uspješnost inertizacije je praćena preko analize eluata neobrađenog i inertiziranog materijala. Sve četiri metode su se pokazale uspješnim u vezanju bakra i cinka u sedimentu. Međutim, najbolji rezultati su postignuti primjenom smjese oksida željeza i aluminija, a optimalni udio ove smjese je iznosio 10 %..; The paper’s objective was to determine optimal treatment method for polluted marine sediments in order to reduce bioavailability of heavy metals and, consequentially, to decrease their environmental impact. In the conducted experiments, clayey-silty sediment from the Punat cove, sampled in 2008, was used. Its concentration of copper equalled 1.42% and of zinc 1.09% , while concentrations of these elements in the eluate were about 10 times higher in relation to limit values proscribed for inert waste. In the paper, four potential chemical methods were tested, as follows: (1) deposition of metal in the form of poorly soluble hydroxides with calcium oxide, (2) adsorption of metals on activated charcoal powder, (3) deposition with aid of phosphoric acid, and (4) co-deposition of heavy metals with a mix of iron and aluminium oxides. Optimal share of individual reagents was determined, and inertization successfulness was monitored by analysis of the eluate of untreated and inertized material. All four methods proved successful in binding copper and zinc from the sediment. However, the best results were obtained when implementing a mix of iron and aluminium oxides, with the optimal share of the mix equalling 10%.